The United States military veteran population is one that is characterized as predominantly male and with a high prevalence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension. In addition, the mean age of veterans is older than that of the U.S. population, and a substantial minority of veterans are either Hispanic or of nonwhite, non-Hispanic background. Enriched with such risk factors for kidney disease, it is not surprising that the unadjusted prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end stage renal disease (ESRD) is higher among veterans than it is in the general U.S. population. In fact, the crude ESRD prevalence rate of the veteran population is nearly twice that of the general population.