Matter BJ, Pederson J, Psimenos G, et al.. lethal copper intoxication in hemodialysis. Trans Am Soc Artif Intern Organs 1969; 15:309–315.
Eaton JW, Koplin CF, Swofford HS, et al.. Chlorinated urban water: a cause of dialysis induced hemolytic anemia. Science 1973; 181:463–464.
Kjellstrand CM, Eaton JW, Yoshihito Y, et al.. Hemolysis in dialyzed patients caused by chloramines. Nephron 1974; 13:427–433.
Fenves AZ, Gipson JS, Pancorvo C. Chloramine-induced methemoglobinemia in a hemodialysis patient. Semin Dial 2000; 13:327–329.
Ensuring safe procedures in the dialysis unit is essential to the health and well-being of patients. The Practicing Nephrologists Advisory Group this month addresses water quality. Future issues of ASN Kidney News will look at other patient safety concerns.