Kainz A, et al. Waiting time for second kidney transplantation and mortality. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. [published online ahead of print December 29, 2021]. doi: 10.2215/CJN.07620621; doi: 10.2215/CJN.07620621; https://cjasn.asnjournals.org/content/early/2021/12/23/CJN.07620621
Fallahzadeh MK, Birdwell KA. Waitlist mortality for second kidney transplants. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. [published online ahead of print December 29, 2021]. doi: 10.2215/CJN.15021121; https://cjasn.asnjournals.org/content/early/2021/12/23/CJN.15021121
Although kidney transplantation is the optimal therapy after kidney failure for prolonging patient survival and improving quality of life, kidneys transplanted from deceased donors often do not function longer than 10 to 15 years. Therefore, many recipients must eventually receive a second transplant or undergo dialysis, with considerations such as the scarcity of donor organs and the immunological sensitization of transplant recipients factoring into decisions related to these options.
Because direct comparison of transplantation versus dialysis continuation through a randomized controlled trial is not feasible due to ethical, biological, and logistic reasons, investigators recently conducted a retrospective study that analyzed